ʻOihana Polyurethane: kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, hōʻiliʻili kaumaha
Moʻolelo Hoʻomohala o ka ʻoihana Polyurethane
ʻO ka Polyurethane (PU) he resin polymer i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka polymerization condensation o nā kemika kumu isocyanate a me polyol.Loaʻa i ka Polyurethane ka maikaʻi o ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka pale ʻana i ka abrasion, ka pale ʻana i ka waimaka, ka hana flexural maikaʻi, ka pale ʻana i ka aila a me ka pili koko maikaʻi.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka hale, nā mea hana hale, ka lawe ʻana, ke kūkulu ʻana, nā mea e pono ai i kēlā me kēia lā a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, a he mea ʻenehana koʻikoʻi.I ka makahiki 1937, ua hoʻohana ʻo German chemist Bayer i ka hopena polyaddition o 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate a me 1,4-butanediol e hana i ka resin polyamide linear, nāna i wehe i ka noiʻi a me ka noi ʻana o ka resin polyamide.I ka wā o ke Kaua Honua II, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Kelemania i kahi mea kanu hoʻokolohua polyamide me kahi mana hana.Ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II, ua hoʻokomo ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Pelekane, Iapana a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe i ka ʻenehana Kelemania e hoʻomaka i ka hana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka polyurethane, a ua hoʻomaka ka ʻoihana polyurethane e hoʻomohala i ka honua holoʻokoʻa.ua noiʻi kūʻokoʻa koʻu ʻāina a hoʻomohala i ka resin polyurethane mai ka makahiki 1960, a ua lilo i kēia manawa i mea hana nui a me ka mea kūʻai aku i ka polyurethane.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka polyurethane i ke ʻano polyester a me ke ʻano polyether.Hoʻoholo nui ʻia ke ʻano o ka polyurethane monomer e ka upstream raw material a me nā waiwai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.Hoʻokumu ʻia ke ʻano polyester e ka hopena o ka polyester polyol a me ka isocyanate.Aia ia i ka paʻa paʻa a hoʻohana maʻamau e hana i ka ʻōhuhi foamed, topcoat a me ka pepa plastik me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe.Loaʻa ka ʻano polyether e ka hopena o ka polyether type polyol a me isocyanate, a ʻo ka molecular structure he ʻāpana palupalu.Hoʻohana maʻamau ia i ka hana ʻana i ka pulupulu hoʻomanaʻo elastic a me ka cushion shock-proof.Nui nā kaʻina hana polyurethane i kēia manawa e hui pū i ka polyester a me ka polyether polyols i nā ʻāpana e hōʻoia i ka maʻalahi o ka huahana.ʻO nā mea waiwai nui no ka polyurethane synthesis he isocyanates a me polyols.ʻO ka Isocyanate he huaʻōlelo maʻamau no nā esters like ʻole o ka waikawa isocyanic, i helu ʻia e ka helu o nā pūʻulu -NCO, me ka monoisocyanate RN=C=O, diisocyanate O=C=NRN=C=O a me ka polyisocyanate etc.;Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā isocyanates aliphatic a me nā isocyanates aromatic.Hoʻohana ʻia nā isocyanates ʻala i ka nui loa, e like me diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) a me toluene diisocyanate (TDI).ʻO MDI a me TDI nā ʻano isocyanate koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ke kaulahao ʻoihana polyurethane a me ke kaʻina hana
ʻO nā mea maka o ka polyurethane ka nui o nā isocyanates a me nā polyols.ʻO nā huahana mua o ka waena waena e pili ana i nā plastic foam, elastomers, fiber plastics, fibers, resins ili kāmaʻa, nā uhi, adhesives and sealants a me nā huahana resin ʻē aʻe.ʻO nā huahana o lalo e pili ana i nā mea pono hale, nā mea hana hale, ka lawe ʻana, ke kūkulu ʻana, a me nā pono o kēlā me kēia lā a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka ʻoihana polyurethane he mau pale kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻenehana, kapikala, nā mea kūʻai aku, ka hoʻokele a me nā talena, a he mau pale kiʻekiʻe ka ʻoihana i ke komo ʻana.
1) Nā pale ʻenehana a me ke kālā.ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā isocyanates upstream ka loulou me nā mea pale ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe loa i ke kaulahao ʻoihana polyurethane.ʻO ka mea kūikawā, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo MDI kekahi o nā huahana nui me nā pale ākea kiʻekiʻe loa i ka ʻoihana kemika.ʻO ke ala kaʻina hana synthetic o isocyanate he lōʻihi loa ia, me ka hopena nitration, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hopena, ka hopena acidification, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. nā isocyanates.Eia nō naʻe, he mea ʻawaʻawa loa ka phosgene, a pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka hopena ma lalo o nā kūlana waikawa ikaika, e koi ai i nā mea hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā kaʻina hana.Eia kekahi, ua maʻalahi nā hui isocyanate e like me MDI a me TDI me ka wai a me ka deteriorate, a ma ka manawa like, he haʻahaʻa ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kahi paʻakikī nui i ka ʻenehana hana.2) Nā mea kūʻai aku pale.ʻO ka maikaʻi o nā mea polyurethane e hoʻopili pololei i ka hana o nā huahana ma nā ʻano ʻoihana o lalo.ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea kūʻai aku ke hoʻololi maʻalahi i nā mea hoʻolako ma hope o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kā lākou ʻano huahana ponoʻī, no laila e hana ia i mea pale i nā mea komo hou i ka ʻoihana.3) ʻO ka hoʻokele a me nā pale kālena.Ke kū nei i nā koi hoʻohālike huahana i hoʻopuehu ʻia e nā mea kūʻai aku i lalo, pono ka ʻoihana polyurethane e hoʻokumu i kahi hoʻonohonoho piha o ka loaʻa ʻana, hana, kūʻai aku a me nā ʻōnaehana lawelawe, a i ka manawa like, pono ia e hoʻoulu i nā loea ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe me ka ʻike hoʻokele waiwai. a me nā pale hoʻomalu kiʻekiʻe.
Nā Manaʻo MDI: Hoʻihoʻi hou ka noi, hiki ke kaupalena ʻia nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka ikehu
MDI mōʻaukala kumu kūʻai au a me ka cyclical kālailai
Ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o ka MDI kūloko i ka makahiki 1960, akā i kaupalena ʻia e ka pae o ka ʻenehana, hilinaʻi nui ka makemake o ka home i ka lawe ʻana mai a kiʻekiʻe nā kumukūʻai.Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 21, ʻoiai ua mākaukau ʻo Wanhua Chemical i ka ʻenehana koʻikoʻi o ka hana MDI, ua hoʻonui wikiwiki ʻia ka mana hana, hoʻomaka ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā kumukūʻai, a hoʻomaka ka cyclicality o nā kumukūʻai MDI.Mai ka nānā ʻana i nā kumukūʻai mōʻaukala, ua like ke ʻano o ke kumu kūʻai o MDI i hui ʻia me ka MDI maʻemaʻe, a ʻo ka piʻi ʻana a i lalo paha o ke kumukūʻai MDI ma kahi o 2-3 mau makahiki.58.1% quantile, ua hoʻonui ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau i kēlā me kēia pule e 6.9%, ua emi ke kumukūʻai o kēlā me kēia mahina e 2.4%, a ʻo ka emi ʻana o ka makahiki he 10.78%;ʻO MDI maʻemaʻe i pani ʻia ma 21,500 yuan / ton, ma ka 55,9% quantile o ke kumukūʻai mōʻaukala, me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai maʻamau i kēlā me kēia pule he 4,4%, ua hāʻule ke kumukūʻai o kēlā me kēia mahina he 2,3%, a ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ka makahiki-i-lā he 3,4%.ʻO ka mīkini hoʻoili kumu kūʻai o MDI maʻalahi, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu kūʻai pinepine ke kiʻekiʻe o ka laha.Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou e hoʻomaka ana kēia pōʻai o ke kumukūʻai MDI piʻi i Iulai 2020, pili nui i ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻi a me ka ikaika majeure o waho i ka helu hana.ʻO ka awelika MDI kumukūʻai ma 2022 e manaʻo ʻia e noho kiʻekiʻe.
Mai ka ʻikepili mōʻaukala, ʻaʻohe ʻike o ka seasonality i nā kumukūʻai MDI.I ka makahiki 2021, e kū mai ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka MDI aggregated i ka hapaha mua a me ka ʻehā.ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe ma ka hapaha mua ma muli o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Spring Festival, ka emi ʻana o ka ʻoihana hana ʻoihana a me ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea hana i lalo ma mua o ka ʻahaʻaina.ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe ma ka hapahā ʻehā mai ke kākoʻo kumu kūʻai ma lalo o ka "mana pālua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu".ʻO ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau o ka MDI aggregated i ka hapaha mua o 2022 he 20,591 yuan/ton, ma lalo o 0.9% mai ka hapahā ʻehā o 2021;ʻO ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau o MDI maʻemaʻe i ka hapaha mua he 22,514 yuan/ton, piʻi 2.2% mai ka hapahā ʻehā o 2021.
Manaʻo ʻia nā kumukūʻai MDI e paʻa i ka makahiki 2022. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau o MDI i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia (Yantai Wanhua, Kina Hikina) i 2021 he 20,180 yuan/ton, he piʻi makahiki o 35.9% a me ka 69.1% quantile o ka mōʻaukala. kumukūʻai.I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2021, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka ʻino ma waho, ua pili ka maʻi maʻi i ka lawe ʻana aku i waho, a piʻi nui nā kumukūʻai MDI ma waho.ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai MDI i kēia manawa ma mua o ka median mōʻaukala, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou ʻaʻole i pau kēia pōʻai o ke kumukūʻai MDI piʻi.Kākoʻo nā kumukūʻai aila kiʻekiʻe a me ke kinoea i ke kumukūʻai o MDI, ʻoiai ua kaupalena ʻia ka mana hana MDI hou i ka makahiki 2022 a paʻa mau ka lako holoʻokoʻa, no laila ke manaʻo nei e paʻa nā kumukūʻai.
Hāʻawi: Hoʻonui paʻa, hoʻonui palena ʻia i 2022
ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻonui ʻana o Wanhua Chemical ma mua o nā mea hoʻokūkū honua.Ma ke ʻano he hui kūloko mua i haku i ka ʻenehana koʻikoʻi o ka hana MDI, ua lilo ʻo Wanhua Chemical i mea hana MDI nui loa ma ka honua.Ma 2021, ʻo ka nui o ka mana hana MDI honua e pili ana i 10.24 miliona tons, a e hele mai ka mana hana hou mai Wanhua Chemical.Ua hōʻea ʻo Wanhua Chemical i ka mākeke mākeke hana honua i ka 25.9%.I ka makahiki 2021, ʻo ka nui o ka nui o ka MDI i loko o ka home e pili ana i 3.96 miliona tons, a ʻo ka hoʻopuka ʻana ma kahi o 2.85 miliona tons, he piʻi o 27.8% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻopuka ʻana ma 2020. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka maʻi maʻi ma 2020, home. Ua mālama ʻo MDI i ka ulu wikiwiki i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me kahi CAGR o 10.3% mai 2017 a 2021. Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻonui honua i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hiki mai ana ka piʻi nui mai Wanhua Chemical, a e hoʻonui ʻia ka papahana hoʻonui home. e hoʻohana mua ʻia ma mua o nā ʻāina ʻē.Ma Mei 17, e like me ka oihana punaewele o Shaanxi Chemical Construction, Gao Jiancheng, ka hui o ka aoao kakauolelo a me ka lunahoomalu, ua konoʻia e hele i ka Wanhua Chemical (Fujian) MDI papahana paipai halawai, a kakau inoa i ka holomua holomua palapala kuleana me Wanhua Chemical. (Fujian) e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka pahuhopu hana o ka papahana ma Nowemapa 30, 2022.
Koi: ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu ʻana ma mua o ka lako, a ʻo ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea insulation a me nā papa formaldehyde e lawe mai i ka ulu hou.
Manaʻo ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka noi MDI honua ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka lako.Wahi a ka ʻike Covestro, ʻo ka lako MDI honua ma 2021 ma kahi o 9.2 miliona mau tons, me kahi CAGR o 4% ma 2021-2026;ʻO ka noi MDI honua ma kahi o 8.23 miliona tons, me kahi CAGR o 6% i 2021-2026.Wahi a Huntsman data, ʻo ka honua MDI hiki CAGR he 2.9% i 2020-2025, a ʻo ke ao holoʻokoʻa MDI koi CAGR ma kahi o 5-6% i 2020-2025, kahi e hoʻonui ai ka mana hana ma Asia mai 5 miliona tons i 2020. i 2025 6.2 miliona tons, ka polyurethane oihana mea optimistic e pili ana i ka MDI koi i loko o ka elima makahiki.
Manaʻo maikaʻi e pili ana i ke kūlana kūʻai lōʻihi o MDI.Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻolālā hoʻoiho ma 2021, ʻo ʻAmelika ka mea hoʻopuka nui o ka MDI o koʻu ʻāina, a ʻo ka nui o ka lawe ʻana i ka makahiki 2021 e hōʻea i 282,000 tons, kahi hoʻonui makahiki o 122.9%.ʻO Zhejiang, Shandong a me Shanghai nā panalāʻau nui e lawe aku ana (mau ʻāina) ma koʻu ʻāina, kahi i hōʻea ai ka nui o Zhejiang i ka 597,000 tons, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ka makahiki he 78.7%;Ua hōʻea ka nui o Shandong i ka 223,000 tons, kahi hoʻonui makahiki o 53.7%.Wahi a ka ʻikepili waiwai o lalo, ke hele nei ka nui o ke kūʻai ʻana o nā hale hou ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka wā hoʻihoʻi ma hope o ka maʻi maʻi, hiki ke loaʻa i ka hoʻopukapuka hale kūʻai hale i nā loli liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka noi waiwai e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui i ka noi MDI .
ʻO ka palena waiwai nui o Wanhua Chemical i ka hapaha he kūpono maikaʻi me ka hoʻolaha kumukūʻai o MDI aggregated i ka hapaha.ʻO ka mea nui o ka MDI he aniline.Ma o ka helu ʻana o ka ʻokoʻa kumukūʻai theoretical, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kumukūʻai o ka MDI polymerized he mīkini hoʻouna maikaʻi, a ʻo ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe pinepine ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe.I ka manawa like, ua kūpono ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o ka MDI aggregated me ka palena o ka loaʻa kālā o Wanhua Chemical i ka hapaha, a ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻāpana waiwai nui ma kekahi mau wahi e waiho ana ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai hoʻolaha, a pili paha i ka pōʻai waiwai o nā ʻoihana.
Hiki ke hoʻomau i nā kumukūʻai ikehu kiʻekiʻe e kaupalena i ka lako MDI ma waho.Xinhua Waiwai, Frankfurt, Iune 13th, German ikehu regulator Klaus Müller, ke poo o ka Federal Network Agency, i mai la o ka Nord Stream 1 Baltic Pipeline e malama i ka malama ana i ke kauwela, a me ka hoolako ana i ke kinoea maoli mai Rusia i Germany a me Western Europe. e hoemi i ke kau wela.e hāʻule nui paha.ʻO ka mana hana MDI o ʻEulopa e pili ana i 30% o ka nui o ka honua.ʻO ka hoʻomau paʻa ʻana o ka ikehu mōʻalihaku hiki ke hoʻoikaika i nā mea hana MDI o nā ʻāina ʻē e hōʻemi i kā lākou ukana, a hiki i nā mea hoʻopuka MDI kūloko ke hoʻonui i ke kauwela.
Loaʻa iā Wanhua nā pono kumukūʻai.Ma ka noʻonoʻo ʻana mai ke kumu kūʻai awelika o ka aila ʻaila / kinoea maoli a me ke kumukūʻai o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā hui polyurethane nui, ʻoi aku ka pili o ke ʻano o ke kumukūʻai kūʻai o nā ʻoihana o nā ʻāina ʻē i ke kumu kūʻai o ka aila a me ke kinoea maoli.ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻonui ʻana o Wanhua Chemical ma mua o nā ʻoihana o nā ʻāina ʻē, a i ʻole ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka hopena o nā kumukūʻai maka ma mua o nā hui o waho.nā hui o nā ʻāina ʻē.Mai ka manaʻo o ka hoʻolālā kaulahao ʻoihana, ʻo Wanhua Chemical a me BASF, he kaulahao ʻoihana petrochemical a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohui ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kumukūʻai ma mua o Covestro a me Huntsman.
E kū'ē i ke kumu o ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai ikehu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohui ʻana.Wahi a Huntsman data, ma ka 2024, hoʻolālā ka hui e hoʻokō i kahi papahana hoʻolālā kumukūʻai o US $ 240 miliona, kahi e hāʻawi ai ka optimization o ka mea kanu polyurethane ma kahi o US $ 60 miliona i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai.Wahi a Covestro, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ka loaʻa kālā mai nā papahana hoʻohui e hiki i ka 120 miliona euros e 2025, kahi e hāʻawi ai nā papahana optimization ma kahi o 80 miliona euros.
Makeke TDI: He haʻahaʻa ka hoʻopuka maoli ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, a he nui ka lumi no ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai
TDI mōʻaukala kumu kūʻai au a me ka cyclical kālailai
He paʻakikī ke kaʻina hana o TDI, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻawaʻawa o ka huahana a ʻoi aku ka lapalapa a me ka pahū ma mua o MDI.Mai ka nānā ʻana i ke kumukūʻai mōʻaukala, ua like ke ʻano o ke kumu kūʻai o TDI a me MDI akā ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka fluctuation, a i ʻole pili i ka instability o ka hana TDI.I ka lā 17 o Iune, 2022, ua pani ʻia ʻo TDI (East China) ma 17,200 yuan/ton, ma ka 31.1% ka nui o nā kumukūʻai mōʻaukala, me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai maʻamau he 1.3%, ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumu kūʻai he 0.9%, a me ka makahiki. -ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o 12.1%.Mai ka cyclical point of view, ʻo ka piʻi a i ʻole i lalo o nā kumukūʻai TDI ma kahi o 2-3 mau makahiki.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me MDI, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā kumukūʻai TDI a me nā kumukūʻai, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā kumukūʻai i ka force majeure a me nā nūhou ʻē aʻe i ka wā pōkole.Hiki ke hoʻomaka kēia pōʻai o TDI piʻi aʻe mai ʻApelila 2020, ka mea nui e pili ana i ka paʻa ʻole o nā hoʻonohonoho TDI a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me MDI, aia ke kumukūʻai o TDI i kēia manawa ma kahi pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ʻoi aku ka ʻike o ka ʻaoʻao.
Manaʻo ʻia nā kumukūʻai TDI e hoʻomau i ka piʻi ʻana ma 2022. ʻO ke kumukūʻai maʻamau o TDI (East China) i 2021 he 14,189 yuan/ton, he piʻi o 18.5% makahiki-ma-makahiki, a aia ma ka 22.9% quantile o ke kumu kūʻai mōʻaukala. .ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai TDI i ka makahiki 2021 aia i ka hapaha mua, ma muli o ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mea hana i lalo ma mua o ka lā hoʻomaha, ua kaupalena ʻia nā lako o nā ʻāina ʻē a me nā lako mālama, a ʻo ka ʻoihana ʻoihana ma kahi haʻahaʻa i ka makahiki.ʻO ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau o TDI i ka hapaha mua o 2022 he 18,524 yuan / ton, he piʻi o 28.4% mai ka hapahā ʻehā o 2021. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me MDI, aia nō ke kumu kūʻai o TDI ma kahi haʻahaʻa i ka mōʻaukala, a aia kahi lumi nui no ke kumu kuai.
Ka hoʻolako a me ke koi kumu: lōʻihi lōʻihi paʻa kaulike, pono lako e pili ana i ka hana maoli
I kēia manawa, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana hana TDI honua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ulu o ka noi ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka lako, a ʻo ka hoʻolako lōʻihi a me ke ʻano koi o TDI hiki ke mālama i kahi kaulike paʻa.Wahi a ka ʻikepili Covestro, ʻo ka lako TDI honua ma kahi o 3.42 miliona tons, me kahi CAGR o 2% ma 2021-2026;ʻO ka noi TDI honua ma kahi o 2.49 miliona tons, me kahi CAGR o 5% i 2021-2026.
Ma lalo o ke kumu o ka overcapacity, hoʻonui nui nā mea hana i ka hana.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me MDI, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka TDI i nā papahana hoʻonui hiki, a ʻaʻohe piʻi o ka hiki ma 2020 a me 2021. ʻO ka piʻi nui i nā makahiki ʻelua e hiki mai ana mai Wanhua Chemical, e hoʻolālā ana e hoʻonui i ka 100,000 tons / makahiki ma Fujian i 250,000 tona / makahiki.Aia ka papahana i kahi nitrification unit o 305,000 tons / makahiki, kahi hydrogenation unit o 200,000 tons / makahiki, a me kahi photochemical unit o 250,000 tons / makahiki;ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka papahana, manaʻo ʻia e hana ʻo 250,000 tons o TDI, 6,250 tons o OTDA, 203,660 tons o ka hydrogen chloride maloʻo a me ka waikawa hydrochloric.70,400 tona.Wahi a ka pūnaewele kūhelu o Fuqing Municipal People's Government, ua loaʻa i ka papahana hoʻonui ka TDI hoʻokomo a me ke keʻena hoʻolaha, ka laikini kūkulu hale keʻena hoʻonohonoho TDI, a me ka laikini kūkulu hale pahu hau TDI.Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokomo ʻia i ka hana ma 2023.
Hoʻopilikia ka paʻa pono ʻole o nā mea hana i ka hoʻopuka maoli.Wahi a Baichuan Yingfu ʻikepili, ʻo ka huahana TDI kūloko ma 2021 e pili ana i 1.137 miliona tons, e like me ka helu hana makahiki ma kahi o 80%.ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana hana TDI honua, i ka makahiki 2021, e hoʻopilikia ʻia nā mea hana TDI ma ka home a me nā ʻāina ʻē i nā ʻano like ʻole e ka wā koʻikoʻi, ka lako waiwai a me nā hemahema ʻenehana, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka huahana maoli ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. hoʻomau i ka emi ʻana.Wahi a Baichuan Yingfu, ma Iune 9, 2022, i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā mea hoʻokele kaʻa kūloko ma South Korea, ua hoʻemi ʻia nā lako Hanwha TDI kūloko (50,000 tons per set) i ka ukana, a ua hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka lawe ʻana i nā kumu kumu Kumho MDI. pili i nā huahana polyurethane hou i kekahi ʻano.i ke awa.I ka manawa like, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻoponopono hou ʻia nā hale hana he nui i Iune, a paʻa ka lako holoʻokoʻa o TDI.
Wahi a Baichuan Yingfu ʻikepili, ʻo ka hoʻohana maoli ʻana o TDI i 2021 e pili ana i 829,000 tons, kahi hoʻonui makahiki-ma-makahiki o 4.12%.ʻO ka lalo o TDI ka nui o nā huahana sponge e like me nā lako upholstered.I ka makahiki 2021, e helu ʻia ka sponge a me nā huahana no 72% o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka TDI.Mai ka makahiki 2022, ua lohi ka ulu ʻana o ka noi TDI, akā e like me ke kahe o lalo e like me nā lako upholstered a me nā textiles e hoʻōla lohi mai ka maʻi maʻi, ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomau ka hoʻohana ʻana o TDI.
ʻO ADI a me nā isocyanates kūikawā ʻē aʻe: nā mākeke hou a kū mai
Ke wehe mālie nei ka mākeke ADI ma ke kahua uhi
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā isocyanates aromatic, aliphatic a me alicyclic isocyanates (ADI) loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kūpaʻa ikaika o ka wā a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka melemele.ʻO ka Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) he ADI maʻamau, ʻaʻole waihoʻoluʻu a melemele iki paha, a he wai ʻala haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a ʻala i ka wela o ka lumi.Ma keʻano he kumu waiwai no ka hanaʻana i ka polyurethane, hoʻohana nuiʻiaʻo HDI i ka hanaʻana i nā polyurethane (PU) varnish a me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, nā kaʻa hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaʻa, nā mea'ilika, nā mea lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, nāʻoihanaʻoihana a me nā pale anti-corrosion, e like me nā elastomers, adhesives, textile finishing agents, etc. Ma waho aʻe o ka pale ʻana i ka aila a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana, ʻo ka uhi ʻana o ka PU i loaʻa i nā ʻano o ka ʻeleʻele ʻole, ka paʻa ʻana o ke kala, ka paʻakai paʻakai, a me ka pale ʻana i waho.Eia hou, ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka pena curing agent, kiʻekiʻe polymer adhesive, haʻahaʻa wela adhesive no ka paʻi paʻi, collar copolymer coating, paa enzyme adhesive, etc. Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) he ADI hoʻohana nui ia.Ma keʻano he kumu waiwai no ka hanaʻana i ka polyurethane, ua kūponoʻo IPDI no ka hanaʻana i nā polyurethanes me ke kūpaʻa māmā maikaʻi, ke kūʻana o ka wā a me nā mea mechanical maikaʻi.He kūpono kūpono no ka hana ʻana i nā elastomers, nā uhi wai, nā polyurethane dispersants a me nā acrylates i hoʻololi ʻia i ka urethane photocurable.
Lawe ʻia kekahi mau mea maka, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai o ADI ma mua o ka MDI a me TDI.ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka HDI me ka māhele mākeke kiʻekiʻe loa ma waena o nā ADI ma ke ʻano he laʻana, hexamethylenediamine ka mea kumu nui no ka hana HDI.I kēia manawa, hoʻopuka ʻia ka 1 ton o HDI a ma kahi o 0.75 tons o ka hexanediamine i pau.ʻOiai ke hoʻomau nei ka localization o adiponitrile a me hexamethylene diamine, ke hilinaʻi nei ka hana ʻana o HDI i kēia manawa i ka adiponitrile a me hexamethylene diamine i lawe ʻia mai, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai huahana holoʻokoʻa.Wahi a ka ʻikepili o Tiantian Chemical Network, ʻo ke kumu kūʻai awelika makahiki o HDI ma 2021 ma kahi o 85,547 yuan/ton, kahi hoʻonui makahiki-ma-makahiki o 74.2%;ʻo ke kumukūʻai maʻamau o IPDI ma kahi o 76,000 yuan / ton, kahi hoʻonui makahiki-ma-makahiki o 9.1%.
Ua lilo ʻo Wanhua Chemical i ka lua o ka mea hana ADI nui loa ma ka honua
Ua hoʻonui mau ʻia ka mana hana o ADI, a ua hana ʻo Wanhua Chemical i nā holomua ma HDI a me nā derivatives, IPDI, HMDI a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe.Wahi a ka ʻikepili o Xinsijie Industry Research Center, ʻo ka nui o ka hana o ka ʻoihana ADI honua e hiki i 580,000 tons / makahiki ma 2021. Ma muli o nā pale kiʻekiʻe i ke komo ʻana i ka ʻoihana, he liʻiliʻi nā hui ma ka honua e hiki ke hana i ka ADI ma ka laulā nui, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Covestro, Evonik, BASF ma Kelemānia, Asahi Kasei ma Iapana, Wanhua Chemical, a me Rhodia ma Farani, a ma waena o ia ʻo Covestro ka mea hoʻolako ADI nui loa o ka honua me ka mana hana makahiki o 220,000 tons, ukali ʻia e Wanhua Chemical me ka mana hana makahiki ma kahi o 140,000 tons.Me Wanhua Ningbo's 50,000-ton/makahiki HDI mea kanu i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka hana, e hoʻonui hou ʻia ka mana hana ADI o Wanhua Chemical.
Ke hoʻomau nei nā isocyanates kūikawā a hoʻololi ʻia i nā holomua.I kēia manawa, aia nā isocyanates aromatic kuʻuna o koʻu ʻāina (MDI, TDI) i ke kūlana alakaʻi i ka honua.Ma waena o nā aliphatic isocyanates (ADI), HDI, IPDI, HMDI a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe i haku i ka ʻenehana hana kūʻokoʻa, XDI, PDI a me nā isocyanates kūikawā ʻē aʻe i komo i ka pae hoʻokele, TDI -TMP a me nā isocyanates i hoʻololi ʻia (isocyanate adducts) ua hana i ka ʻenehana koʻikoʻi. nā holomua.ʻO nā isocyanates kūikawā a me nā isocyanates i hoʻololi ʻia he mau mea waiwai nui no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana polyurethane kiʻekiʻe, a he hana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o nā huahana polyurethane.Me ka hoʻomau mau o ka holomua ʻenehana kūloko, ua hoʻokō ʻo Wanhua Chemical a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe i nā holomua ʻenehana holomua ma nā kahua o nā isocyanates kūikawā a me nā hoʻohui isocyanate, a ua manaʻo ʻia e alakaʻi i ka honua i ke ala hou.
ʻO nā ʻoihana Polyurethane: ikaika hou i ka hana ma 2021, manaʻo maikaʻi e pili ana i ka mākeke mākeke
Wanhua Chemical
Hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1998, ʻo Wanhua Chemical ka mea nui i ka R&D, ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana i ka nui o nā huahana polyurethane e like me isocyanates a me polyols, nā huahana petrochemical e like me ka waikawa acrylic a me ka ester, nā mea hana e like me ka uhi wai, a me nā kemika kūikawā. .ʻO ia ka hui mua ma koʻu ʻāina i loaʻa iā MDI He ʻoihana me nā kuleana waiwai naʻauao kūʻokoʻa o ka ʻenehana hana, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea hoʻolako polyurethane nui loa ma ka ʻāina ʻo Asia-Pacific a me ka mea hana MDI hoʻokūkū nui loa ma ka honua.
Loaʻa ka waiwai nui o ka pālākiō hana, a pili pono i ka R&D a me ka hana hou.I ka hopena o 2021, ua loaʻa iā Wanhua Chemical ka nui o ka hana ʻana o 4.16 miliona tons / makahiki o nā huahana polyurethane series (me 2.65 miliona tons / makahiki no nā papahana MDI, 650,000 tons / makahiki no nā papahana TDI, a me 860,000 tons / makahiki no polyether. nā papahana).Ma ka hopena o 2021, ua loaʻa iā Wanhua Chemical he 3,126 mau limahana R&D, ʻo ia ka 16% o ka huina o ka hui, a ua hoʻopukapuka ʻo ia he 3.168 biliona yuan ma R&D, e pili ana i ka 2.18% o kāna kālā hana.I ka manawa hōʻike o 2021, ua hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻenehana MDI ʻeono o Wanhua Chemical i ka mea kanu Yantai MDI, e loaʻa ana kahi hana paʻa o 1.1 miliona mau tona i kēlā me kēia makahiki;ʻo ka hydrogen chloride catalytic oxidation chlorine production technology i hoʻomohala pono ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia, a ua koho ʻia no nā hana maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau ma 2021;ʻO PO / SM nui i hoʻomohala ʻia, ʻenehana polyether DMC mau a me nā moʻo hou o nā polyester aromatic polyols i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia, a ua hōʻea nā hōʻailona huahana i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā huahana kiʻekiʻe.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ulu ʻana o Wanhua Chemical ma mua o nā mea hoʻokūkū honua.Ma muli o ka pono o ka unahi a me ke kumukūʻai, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu ʻana o ka loaʻa kālā o Wanhua Chemical i ka makahiki 2021 ma mua o nā mea hoʻokūkū honua, a ʻo ka loaʻa kālā o ka hana ma ka hapaha mua o 2022 e mālama i ka ulu ulu kiʻekiʻe.Me ka ulu hou ʻana o nā pōmaikaʻi nui a me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o nā hoʻoiho MDI, e hoʻomau ʻo Wanhua Chemical i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka māhele mākeke o MDI a hana i nā wahi ulu he nui i ka petrochemical a me nā mea hou.(Ke kumu hōʻike: Future Think Tank)
BASF (BASF)
ʻO BASF SE ka hui kemika nui loa o ka honua me ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 160 mau lālā paʻa a i ʻole nā hui hui pū ʻana ma 41 mau ʻāina ma ʻEulopa, Asia a me ʻAmelika.ʻO ke poʻo nui ma Ludwigshafen, Kelemānia, ʻo ka hui ka waihona huahana kemika nui loa ma ka honua.Hoʻopili ka ʻoihana o ka hui i ke olakino a me ka meaʻai (Nutrition & Care), nā uhi a me nā mea hoʻonaninani (Surface Technologies), nā kemika kumu (Chemicals), nā plastics kiʻekiʻe a me nā precursors (Materials), resins a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe (Industrial Solutions), mahiʻai (Agricultural Solutions) Solutions) a me nā māla ʻē aʻe, kahi o nā isocyanates (MDI a me TDI) i loko o ka māhele monomer (Monomer) i nā plastics kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻāpana precursors (Materials), a me ka nui o ka mana hana o BASF isocyanate (MDI + TDI) ma 2021 ma kahi o 2.62 miliona tons.Wahi a ka hōʻike makahiki makahiki 2021 a BASF, ʻo nā uhi a me nā kala ka ʻāpana kālā nui loa o ka hui, ʻo ia ka 29% o kāna loaʻa kālā ma 2021. ʻO ka hoʻopukapuka R&D ma kahi o 296 miliona euros, me ka loaʻa ʻana a me nā hoʻopukapuka ʻē aʻe o 1,47 billion euros;ʻO nā plastics hana kiʻekiʻe a ʻO ka ʻāpana precursor (Materials) ʻo ia ka ʻāpana me ka lua o ka loaʻa kālā nui loa, e helu ana no 19% o ka loaʻa kālā ma 2021, a me ka hoʻopukapuka R&D ma kahi o 193 miliona euros, me ka loaʻa ʻana a me nā hoʻopukapuka ʻē aʻe o 709 miliona euros.
Ke ulu nui nei ka mākeke Kina.Wahi a ka ʻikepili BASF, ma ka makahiki 2030, ʻelua hapakolu o ka hoʻonui kemika honua e hele mai mai Kina, a ʻo 9 o nā papahana hoʻonui 30 i hōʻike ʻia ma ka hōʻike makahiki 2021 a BASF aia ma koʻu ʻāina.ʻO ka BASF's Guangdong (Zhanjiang) i hoʻohui pū ʻia ʻo ia ka papahana hoʻopukapuka kālā nui loa o BASF i kēia manawa.Wahi a ka hōʻike EIA, ʻo ka huina kālā o ka pāhana ma kahi o 55.362 biliona yuan, ʻo ia ka 50.98 biliona yuan.Hoʻomaka ka papahana e hoʻomaka i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hapaha mua o 2022, a e hoʻopau ʻia a hoʻokomo ʻia i ka hana ma ka hapaha ʻekolu o 2025, me ka manawa hana o 42 mau mahina.Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hana a hoʻokomo ʻia i ka hana, ʻo ka awelika o ka loaʻa kālā hana makahiki he 23.42 biliona yuan, ʻo ka awelika o ka huina kālā o ka makahiki he 5.24 biliona yuan, a ʻo ka awelika o ka huina kālā kālā he 3.93 biliona yuan.Manaʻo ʻia e hāʻawi ka makahiki hana maʻamau o kēia papahana ma kahi o 9.62 biliona yuan o ka waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-23-2022